The garbage compactor is one of the main equipment for compressing and reducing the volume of garbage, and is also the main processing equipment of the garbage transfer station. The garbage compactor is the main equipment of the garbage transfer station. It is a machine controlled by a hydraulic system that compresses the collected garbage to reduce the volume of the garbage.
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Garbage compression includes physical compression and chemical compression processes.The physical compression process refers to the process of reducing the gaps between various substances in the garbage through the action of external pressure, thereby reducing the existence space of various substances in the garbage and increasing the density of the garbage.
The chemical compression process refers to the process in which the organic components in the garbage are continuously decomposed under the action of biochemistry.
These two changes have a mutually reinforcing effect: physical compression increases the density of organic matter in the garbage, and the increase in density can increase the reaction concentration, accelerate biochemical reactions, and thus accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in the garbage, creating gaps, which in turn provides recompressible space for physical compression.Since the compaction ratio of solid waste depends on the type of waste and the pressure applied by the system, the physical compression process is the main compression process, which is mainly completed by the garbage compressor.
Comprehensively considering various garbage compactors available at home and abroad, although the appearance of the machine body is different, the principle of compression is mostly the same. The main components include the machine body, push plate, gate lifting mechanism, locking mechanism, dust cover and other components. In addition, there are hydraulic systems, electrical control systems and garbage transfer station monitoring systems; according to the size, sewage collection and discharge systems, spray systems or dust and deodorization equipment can also be installed.
Functions and advantages
1. It has the functions of bag breaking, compression and capacity expansion, reduces the number of garbage collection and transportation, and can directly reduce the collection and transportation costs.
2. Automatic disinfection and deodorization, no mosquitoes, flies, insect pests and germs.
3. Easy to operate, automatic input → compression → storage → discharge and collection, etc. A series of actions are fully automated, and the collection and transportation personnel do not touch the garbage, which is safe and hygienic.
4. Double-enclosed structure, garbage is completely enclosed and stored, and sewage does not overflow; completely avoid the breeding of mosquitoes, flies, rodents and other vectors, and ensure a clean environment.
5. It can be automatically controlled 24 hours a day, without the need for special management, saving labor costs.
6. The compression capacity of general domestic garbage mixed processing is about 3:1.
7. The closed storage method is adopted, and there is no risk of fire.
8. The equipment can be set up at any location and can effectively utilize space.
9. The collection and transportation process is quick and convenient, and the driver can operate it alone.
10. It occupies a small area, and the whole set of equipment only needs 10-16 square meters, and the infrastructure cost is low, which is about half of the current garbage building.
Communities, buildings, hospitals, schools, offices, shopping malls, hotels, stations, airports and other places that generate a lot of garbage. Therefore, its application range is very wide; with its large capacity, it can be a garbage bin and a garbage transfer station. Within a certain radius, it is a standard garbage transfer station.
1.Box type
The principle of this machine adopts electro-hydraulic automatic control operation, and uses a four-axis linkage mechanism to automatically position the box body. The equipment temporarily stores the first piece of compressed garbage. After the second piece of garbage is compressed, the two pieces of garbage are loaded and transported at one time, and the operation is completed in one box. It is mainly composed of a frame, a compression cylinder, a box assembly, a box lifting device, a hydraulic workstation, a dust reduction and deodorization system, a sewage discharge system and other components.
Advantages:
First, it occupies a small area. The supporting vehicle is a rear-mounted closed vehicle. The vehicle has a small size and a small turning radius, and the area required for maneuvering is small.
Second, the compression box is usually installed in a pit. When the cleaner dumps the garbage, he can control the slope of the dumping vehicle at will. The garbage dumping is easy to complete at one time, and no manual unloading is required.
Third, the entire process adopts electro-hydraulic control, which is easy to operate, safe and reliable.
Fourth, the R&D has been put into use for a long time, with stable performance and simple maintenance.
Disadvantages:
First, the height requirement of the plant is relatively high.
Second, the garbage entrance is open, which is easy to emit odor.
Third, the compressed garbage cannot be directly pushed in seamlessly, and there will be dripping.
Fourth, when the amount of garbage is small, the garbage cannot be compacted into a whole piece and cannot be pushed into the carriage, and the garbage cannot be cleared on the same day.
2.Lifting type
The principle of this machine is to put the garbage into the compression bin of the pit, and after multiple placements and compression cycles until the box is full, the lifting mechanism will lift the garbage compressor out of the ground, and transfer the garbage to the transport vehicle box by squeezing the push plate. Its main components are a lifting device, a hydraulic box, a control system and a deodorization system.
Advantages:
First, like the vertical compressor, it has the advantages of easy dumping of garbage, saving land, and simple operation.
Second, the compressor has a compact structure and beautiful shape.
Disadvantages:
First, the principle of double-link support lifting of the scissor fork, the compression box lacks stability during the rise from the bottom of the pit, which is easy to cause oil leakage and rupture of the cylinder.
Second, the box is prone to tilt to one side during long-term use.
Third, like the vertical compressor, the amount of garbage is small and cannot be compacted into a whole piece and cannot be pushed into the carriage, and the garbage cannot be cleared daily.
Fourth, the garbage loading capacity of a single device is small.
3.Horizontal type
“The principle of this compressor is to integrate sealing, deodorization, compression and storage”. It adopts advanced hydraulic and electrical control technology to flip the discharge hopper and transfer the garbage into the compression bin for automatic compression. The components include compressor discharge hopper, compression system, compression box and electrical control system.
Advantages:
First, the garbage loading capacity is large.
Second, the site setting requirements are simple. As long as there is a flat open space and a 380V power supply, it can be operated. It is suitable for setting up as a temporary garbage transfer point.
Third, the garbage is completely closed for storage, and it is not easy to emit odor and sewage will not overflow.
Fourth, the inner layer is a stainless steel storage barrel, which is completely corrosion-resistant, sturdy and durable.
Fifth, the volume change is axial linear change, the volume can be selected freely, and the garbage is cleared daily.
Disadvantages:
First, it occupies a large area.
Second, the supporting vehicle is a hook arm vehicle with a large turning radius, which has relatively high requirements for the entrance site and access channels of the compression station.
Third, the unloading hopper is placed on the ground without a pit. The body of garbage dumping vehicles such as flatbed trucks and electric tricycles is not inclined when dumping garbage, making it difficult to dump!
Fourth, the frequency of garbage in the unloading hopper turning over and entering the compression box is high, and workers operate frequently and have a heavy workload.
Fifth, when garbage in the unloading hopper turns over and enters the compression box, it is easy to cause dust.
4.Horizontal mobile split
The box and the compressor head are fastened by a hydraulic device, and the garbage is poured in from the feeding port and compressed with a pusher until it is full of garbage; then the box is separated to complete a working cycle. Its main components: compressor head, compression box, crane device or running track and control system.
Advantages:
First, this type of compressor has some advantages of mobile one-piece compressors, such as large garbage loading capacity, completely closed storage of garbage, not easy to emit odor, sewage does not overflow, and the volume can be freely selected.
Second, the unloading hopper (collection storage bin) of this type of compressor is a deep bucket type, which has the same advantage as the pit type compression box in that garbage is easy to dump.
Disadvantages:
First, the compressor and supporting vehicles have high requirements on the area occupied by the compression station, the width and smoothness of the access channel.
Second, the infrastructure of the transfer site is complex.
