Truck-mounted cranes have become increasingly popular, seen frequently at train stations, ports, warehouses, construction sites, and even in outdoor rescue operations. These versatile vehicles can be equipped with various lengths of cargo boxes and different tonnage cranes, and even transformed into water tank trucks by adding water tanks. If you’re considering purchasing a truck-mounted crane, understanding its regular maintenance and inspection needs is essential for safe and efficient operation.
Components of a Truck-Mounted Crane
Before diving into routine inspections, it’s helpful to know the key components of a truck-mounted crane. These include:
- Boom
- Load indicator
- Hoisting mechanism
- Column
- Rotation system
- Chassis base
- Hydraulic oil tank
- Outrigger control lever
- Outrigger cylinders
- Horn
- Accelerator lever
- Rotation control lever
- Boom angle control lever
- Winch control lever
- PTO (Power Take-Off
- Boom angle cylinder
- Hook and pulley system
- Wire rope
- Over-hoisting alarm system
- Rear outriggers
Key Areas for Routine Inspection
Regular checks are crucial for extending the lifespan of your truck-mounted crane. Here are eight routine inspection points:
- Check for Leaks in Hydraulic Lines:
- Ensure that all hydraulic connections are secure and inspect for any oil leaks in the lines or joints.
- Inspect Fasteners for Tightness:
- Carefully check that all fasteners, particularly those connecting the chassis, boom base, and rotation system, are secure. Pay special attention to fasteners between the crossbeam and chassis, as well as those linking the rotation assembly and column.
- Hydraulic Oil and Lubrication:
- Regularly inspect the hydraulic oil and lubricants, especially since the hydraulic cylinders are frequently used. Replace the hydraulic oil as per the maintenance schedule and keep the cylinders well-lubricated to prevent wear and tear.
- Power Take-Off (PTO) System:
- Before heading out, ensure that the PTO switch is functioning properly and that the pressure gauge displays normal readings.
- Check for Component Damage:
- Look over the surface of critical components, such as the boom and outrigger system, for signs of damage, dents, or deformation. Any abnormalities should be addressed immediately.
- Wire Rope Condition:
- Inspect the wire rope that facilitates the boom’s telescoping mechanism for signs of wear, deformation, or slack. If the wire rope shows signs of fraying or sagging, adjust the nuts to tighten it.
- Seals and Protection from Contamination:
- Regularly check the seals on various parts of the crane to ensure they are intact and free from leaks. Keep the tracks and other moving parts clear of water and foreign debris to maintain smooth operation.
- Hydraulic System Noise and Temperature:
- While the engine is running, listen for unusual sounds from the hydraulic system and monitor the temperature to ensure the system is operating normally. Abnormal noises or excessive heat could indicate underlying issues.
Conclusion
These routine inspections help ensure the smooth and safe operation of your truck-mounted crane. Regular maintenance not only extends the life of the crane but also prevents accidents caused by equipment failures. If you’re considering purchasing a truck-mounted crane, being familiar with these maintenance checks will help you keep the vehicle in top working condition.
