A vacuum sewage suction truck is suitable for the suction of sludge and sewage from various urban networks. It uses a high-quality tractor head, high-performance engine, and vacuum pump that integrates professional manufacturing technologies from Europe and the United States. The perfect combination of these four elements results in excellent quality. As a specialized maintenance vehicle for clearing sewage from drainage pipelines, it features high power, large displacement, high effective suction range, large volume, and high automation.
Components of the Vacuum Sewage Suction Truck
The vacuum sewage suction truck consists of the following main components: original chassis, vacuum suction pump, power take-off, drive shaft, water-gas separator, oil-gas separator, multi-way directional valve, tank body, sewage discharge valve, waste level window, vacuum pressure gauge, pipeline system, hydraulic system, and operating system.
- Special Vacuum Sewage Pump: The vacuum pump in a vacuum sewage truck is used to either remove air from the tank or pump air into it. When the air is removed, the tank creates a vacuum, and the negative pressure difference allows sewage and other materials to be sucked into the tank. When air is pumped into the tank, it creates positive pressure, which forces the sewage out of the tank.
- Power Take-Off (PTO): The PTO is a device connected to the gearbox, using the clutch and air pressure to engage or disengage with the gearbox. It transfers power to drive the vacuum pump.
- Drive Shaft: The drive shaft connects the PTO and the vacuum pump. It has a universal joint, allowing for slight misalignment without causing operational issues.
- Pump Box: Mounted on the chassis frame, the pump box is a semi-enclosed structure that holds and protects the vacuum pump.
- Four-Way Valve: This valve controls whether the vacuum pump is performing suction or discharge operations. It controls the vacuum truck’s suction or discharge tasks, with a hand lever to switch between functions. The valve has a large opening at the bottom, used to either vent air out or suck air into the tank.
- Oil-Gas Separator: The oil-gas separator stores hydraulic oil for lubricating the vacuum pump. It also functions to separate oil from the air, ensuring only air is expelled.
- Water-Gas Separator: As its name suggests, the water-gas separator removes water from the air. Due to pressure, some moisture is present in the air, and this device releases the air while retaining the water.
- Anti-Overflow Valve: The anti-overflow valve is a float-controlled safety device that prevents the tank from overfilling. It stops sewage from flowing back into the pump when the tank is full.
- Vacuum Gauge: The vacuum gauge shows the pressure inside the tank. By reading the gauge, the operator can determine whether the vacuum truck is functioning properly.
Tank Body Construction
The tank body is made of high-quality 4-6mm carbon steel, with the tank head molded in one press. The tank can open at the back and features dual top self-dumping. The waste in the tank can be directly dumped through the rear cover, facilitating the cleaning of sediment and solids inside the tank and the maintenance and repair of the tank interior.
Options include stainless steel or steel-lined plastic, and metallic paint for the tank body.
Hydraulic System
The hydraulic system consists of an oil tank, oil pump, multi-way directional valve, hydraulic cylinders, oil filter, and piping. This system enables the specialized function of self-dumping the waste inside the tank. The operating system controls the multi-way directional valve’s handle to complete the self-dumping operation (the power take-off must be engaged to drive the oil pump).
Waste Discharge Structure
The waste discharge structure allows for direct discharge through the rear sewage discharge port or by opening the rear door for self-dumping, with two hydraulic cylinders lifting the suction tank for discharge.
The angle between the tank bottom and the ground is no less than 45 degrees, allowing waste to be self-dumped by gravity. The product advantages include high suction efficiency, self-priming, self-discharge, and self-dumping functions. The tank can be fully filled in ≤5 minutes, with a suction range of ≥6 meters. It features a long service life, high vacuum degree (higher than that of sewage suction trucks), longer suction range, higher pressure, fast working speed, easy operation, and convenient transportation. An imported anti-overflow device prevents sewage from backflowing into the vacuum pump system when the tank is full.
Functional Overview
The functional overview includes designing and manufacturing the truck to handle complex urban networks and surrounding work environments.
Its functions cover high-pressure washing, pipeline dredging, sewage suction, and transportation of waste. It can perform regular operations such as suction of sludge, stones, and bricks and also handle dredging and cleaning of small rivers. It has quick and efficient emergency response capabilities for urban sanitation, emergency rescue, and special petrochemical industry operations involving waste suction, dredging, cleaning, reverse discharge, transport, loading, and unloading.
Optional Features
Optional features include extended suction pipes according to user requirements (the longer the pipe, the smaller the suction force), optional water spraying device or cargo compartment (allowing the vehicle to function as a sewage suction, water spraying, and cargo transport vehicle), optional full-tank alarm device (automatically alarming when the tank is full to prevent overflow and damage to the vacuum suction pump), and special requirements for vacuum sewage suction trucks can be designed and modified according to user specifications.
