Basic Components:
- Rust-proof water tank: The primary container for storing water.
- Power take-off (PTO): Transfers engine power to the water pump.
- Transmission shaft: Delivers power from the PTO to the pump.
- Self-priming water pump: A special pump designed for self-suction to spray water.
- Piping system: Connects the tank to various outlets for water distribution.
- Spraying outlets: Include front, side, and rear outlets for various spraying needs.
- Work platform: Located at the rear for operating water cannons and other functions.
- Tractor head: The driving cabin, either a flat or pointed design.
Optional Configurations:
- GPS: For tracking and navigation.
- Universal nozzles: Adjustable for different spray patterns.
- Electromagnetic or pneumatic valves: For automated control.
- Visual operation systems: For better control and monitoring.
- External power connections: For additional functionality.
- Medicine tray: For spraying chemicals or pesticides.
Water Tank Manufacturing
The tank is manufactured using automated production processes, including:
- Cutting, automatic plate welding, head spinning, and one-time rolling of the tank body. The material is typically high-quality carbon steel, but stainless steel (304) can be used for special purposes. The tank capacity options range from 4m³, 5m³, 6m³, 8m³, 10m³, 13m³, to 15m³.
Pipeline System
The piping system consists of:
- Pipes, four-way and three-way ball valves, straight-through ball valves, filters, and various water outlets (front, rear, side sprayers; high-level side sprayers; a rear work platform with a greening water cannon).
Operating System
The system works as follows:
- The engine drives the gearbox.
- The PTO attached to the gearbox powers the water pump.
- The water pump then moves water from the tank to the spraying outlets via the piping network.
Performance specifications:
- Self-suction height: ≥ 7 meters.
- Spraying width: ≥ 14 meters.
- Max range: ≥ 28 meters (adjustable from column to mist mode).
- Mist spray range: ≥ 5 meters.
Water Pump
The truck uses a high-power specialized pump (e.g., Weilong pump) that:
- Includes a fire hose connection, gravity valve, and self-priming functionality.
Optional Pump Configurations:
- Medicine tray: For applying pesticides.
- Corrosion-resistant tank lining: For special liquid handling.
- Multidirectional water inlet/outlet connections, electromagnetic/pneumatic valves, and other advanced features can also be installed for specific requirements.
Driver’s Cabin
The truck cabin can either have:
- Pointed nose (long-nose) or flat nose (short-nose) designs, referred to as long-head or short-head cabins.
Power Take-Off (PTO)
Typically, water trucks use PTOs from Dongfeng or FAW (First Automobile Works). The PTO is controlled pneumatically:
- Pull the control switch backward to engage the gear, activating the water pump.
- Push the switch forward to disengage, stopping the pump.
The PTO is installed on the side of the gearbox and uses the gearbox’s constant mesh gears to transmit power to the water pump via the drive shaft.
Sprayer Functions
- Front sprayers: Equipped with duckbill nozzles or round nozzles for street cleaning.
- Rear sprayers: Use cylindrical or showerhead nozzles.
- Work platform: At the rear, featuring a water cannon for long-range spraying.
- Optional rear sprayers: Up to 8 nozzles can be installed as required.
The sprayers are mainly used for street cleaning, dust suppression, and cooling. Nozzle direction and spray angle can be adjusted by altering the sprayer’s screw settings. The high-pressure water cannon can be used for urban greening and emergency firefighting. Showerhead nozzles also help suppress dust raised by the primary water jets, improving air quality.
This overview highlights the main components, functionality, and options for a typical water sprinkler truck, essential for tasks like street cleaning, landscaping, and fire emergencies.